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| - | <note>Here starts the first part of my trilogy UEFI & SliTaz ;-)</note> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ---- | ||
| - | =====HOWTO create a SliTaz LiveUSB for 64bit UEFI computers===== | ||
| - | ---- | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | ====1. Preparing the USB stick==== | + | ======SliTaz and EFI computers====== |
| - | Open a terminal as the root user. Insert a USB stick in a USB port and type: | + | =====HOWTO do a SliTaz LiveUSB for EFI computers===== |
| \\ | \\ | ||
| + | Create a "universal" LiveUSB of SliTaz Next that will start on every computer.\\ | ||
| + | You can also to do it with another version of SliTaz. Although, keep in mind that recent hardware can't be supported; in this case, Slitaz will boot in console mode.\\ | ||
| + | [ [[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:uefi-live | Start]] ] | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | {{ :en:guides:image:fdisk-l.png }} | ||
| - | |||
| - | <note important> | ||
| - | All the commands in the rest of this document will assume your stick is identified as **sdb1**.\\ | ||
| - | If not, **replace all sdb1** occurrences with your device identification, ie: sdc1. | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | |||
| - | If the stick is not FAT32, format it (//the packages dosfstools and mtool must be installed on your system//): | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb1 | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <note important> | ||
| - | Don't forget to indicate the partition number.\\ | ||
| - | **All the data on the partition sdb1 will be destroyed.** | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Set the flags ''boot'' and ''lba'' to your stick: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # parted /dev/sdb set 1 boot on | ||
| - | # parted /dev/sdb set 1 lba on | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Don't pay attention to the message | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab. | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | ====2. Creating the LiveUSB==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | Download the [[http://mirror1.slitaz.org/iso/next/slitaz-next-170930.iso|SliTaz Next ISO]]. | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # wget http://mirror1.slitaz.org/iso/next/slitaz-next-170930.iso | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | No matter what the operating system is 32bit or 64bit. The important thing is that the boot loader is 64bit. | ||
| - | Mount the stick: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Mount the ISO file: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mount -o loop slitaz-next-170930.iso /media/cdrom | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Copy the files from the ISO to the stick: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # cp -r /media/cdrom/boot /mnt | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Unmount the ISO: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # umount /media/cdrom | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | ====3. Installing an UEFI boot loader==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | You have now to install a boot loader compatible with UEFI; unfortunately, the //grub2-efi// package in the SliTaz repository is **only for 32bit computers**. | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | A simple way consists of using the boot loader from another **64bit** distro :-/. I used Ubuntu but it should exist within some other smaller ISOs. | ||
| - | Mount the dowloaded ISO: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mount -o loop /path/to/file/distro-64bit.iso /media/cdrom | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | You should find the boot loader in the /efi/boot directory. | ||
| - | Create a /efi/boot directory on your stick and copy the boot loader inside: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mkdir -p /mnt/efi/boot | ||
| - | # cp /media/cdrom/efi/boot/*.efi /mnt/efi/boot/bootx64.efi | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | The boot loader must __imperatively__ be called **bootx64.efi**. | ||
| - | <note> | ||
| - | You can also save the /boot/grub/x86_64-efi folder. It won't be useful for your LiveUSB but we'll need it later for frugal and full installations. First, create a /boot/grub directory on the stick: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mkdir -p /mnt/boot/grub | ||
| - | # cp /media/cdrom/boot/grub/x86_64-efi /mnt/boot/grub | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Unmount the ISO: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # umount /media/cdrom | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | ====4. Configuration file for GRUB 2==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | If you didn't create it at the previous step, create a /boot/grub directory on your stick: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # mkdir -p /mnt/boot/grub | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | With your preferred text editor (ie nano), create a configuration file for GRUB 2: | ||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | # nano /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | The example below will be enough to boot the Live on a UEFI computer: | ||
| - | <file> | ||
| - | ### CONFIGURATION FILE FOR GRUB 2 ### | ||
| - | # | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Comment the line if you want SliTaz to start automatically at boot or | ||
| - | # change the value to define the time (seconds) to wait before booting. | ||
| - | set TIMEOUT=-1 | ||
| - | |||
| - | # Menu 0: boot SliTaz Next (20170930) in Live | ||
| - | menuentry "SliTaz Next (20170930)" { | ||
| - | set root=(hd0,1) | ||
| - | linux /boot/bzImage ro root=/dev/null video=-32 autologin | ||
| - | initrd /boot/rootfs.gz | ||
| - | } | ||
| - | </file> | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | ====5. Configuring the computer==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | Your Live is ready. But maybe the hardest remains to do.\\ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | Computers that came with Windows 8 / Windows 10 preinstalled start in ''Boot mode''= UEFI and have the ''Secure boot''= Enabled. | ||
| - | The ''Secure boot'' prevents the loading of drivers or OS loaders that are not signed with a digital signature ($old by Microsoft). | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | With SliTaz not having any digital signatures, you have to disable the secure boot. | ||
| - | The following lines describe how to do it on a //hp// Laptop 17-bs032 but it can different for you; there are almost as many ways as there are manufacturers / models of computers... :-/ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | Even access to the ''Setup'' is different from one computer to another. If you don't know how to access to the setup, have a look [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/modifier_ordre_amorcage_du_bios|here]] (sorry for french; I couldn't find an equivalent link in english). On the //hp// Laptop 17-bs032, press the **[Esc]** key immediately after you've powered on the computer until the screen displays the **Startup Menu**. | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | {{ :en:guides:image:hp_startup-menu.png }} | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | Press **[F10]** to access to the ''BIOS Setup''. The ''Main'' page displays; use the right arrow to display the ''System Configuration'' page. | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | {{ :en:guides:image:hp_system-configuration.png }} | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | Select ''>Boot Options'' | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | {{ :en:guides:image:hp_boot-options.png }} | ||
| - | <note warning> | ||
| - | **Don't modify Setup parameters if you don't understand what you are doing!**\\ | ||
| - | **If you're not sure or don't remember what you've done/changed, Exit Setup without saving!** | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | Select ''Secure Boot'' and set it to ''Disabled''. | ||
| - | Then, in ''UEFI Boot Order'', place ''USB Diskette on Key/USB Hard Disk'' at the top of the list. | ||
| - | <note tip> | ||
| - | If you prefer not to change the UEFI Boot Order, you can use the Multiboot feature to boot your LiveUSB. | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | Exit Setup saving changes; on //hp// Laptop 17-bs032, the computer reboots and you are prompted to confirm your changes: | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | {{ :en:guides:image:hp_save-changes.png }} | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | Well, it wasn't so hard. But we'll see in a next part that it is quite different on an acer Aspire v3-111p. | ||
| - | \\ | ||
| - | ====6. Run your Live==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | <note warning> | ||
| - | Windows 8 & 10 use both the **Fast Startup**. This feature consists to store the entire configuration in a file named //hiberfil.sys// when you shutdown the computer. At next boot Windows will load the file; this is faster than to load all the drivers.\\ | ||
| - | When Linux finds an //hiberfil.sys// file , it refuses to mount the partition. If you still try to access to the partition and worst if you wrote on it, you can corrupt the file system and Windows won't start anymore. **You must disable the Fast Startup if you want to access your hard disk!** | ||
| - | But this HowTo is already long enough; I will explain this in the second part of UEFI and SliTaz. | ||
| - | </note> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Insert your Live in a USB port and restart the computer.\\ | ||
| - | If you didn't modify the UEFI Boot Order - access the Multiboot menu (if you don't know what key of your computer gives access to the Multiboot menu, see [[https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/modifier_ordre_amorcage_du_bios|here]]). | ||
| - | |||
| - | <note tip> | ||
| - | **Cherry on the cake.**\\ | ||
| - | Plug your key in a non EFI (but 64bit) computer and... yes it boots too! | ||
| - | (//Well, at least on my Fujitsu E Series//)\\ | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | **To enjoy the memory beyond 4GB**\\ | + | =====HOWTO do a frugal installation on a computer in UEFI Boot Mode===== |
| - | Create a LiveUSB with [[http://mirror1.slitaz.org/iso/rolling/slitaz-rolling-core64.iso|Rolling core64]]. But I'm quite sure it'll boot in console mode because kernel and modules are too old (or missing) for modern hardware. You'll have to find the driver for your graphics card and install it. | + | |
| - | </note> | + | |
| \\ | \\ | ||
| + | Run SliTaz in RAM from your hard disk.\\ | ||
| + | Realize a frugal installation on the Windows main partition.\\ | ||
| + | [ [[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:uefi-frugal | Start]] ] | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | //I've written these lines 7 months after I've done my UEFI LiveUSB. I hope I didn't make too many mistakes. If you encounter some problems with this HOWTO or find some errors in it please post at http://forum.slitaz.org/topic/grub2-efi-slitazs-package-and-uefi // | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| + | =====HOWTO do a full installation on a computer in UEFI boot mode===== | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| + | Install SliTaz in dual boot with Windows..................................................................[ ''In progress'' ] ;-)\\ | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | To come: | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | =====HOWTO install SliTaz in frugal mode on a UEFI computer===== | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | |2018/04/06 |Creation | | + | |2018/05/10 |Creation | |
| ^ Date ^ Modification ^ | ^ Date ^ Modification ^ | ||