Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- en:handbook:installation [2010/05/30 16:41]
seawolf
+++ en:handbook:installation [2012/04/09 10:39]
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-====== HD Installation ======
+====== Hard Disk Installation ======
 ===== Introduction =====
-This document gives information and necessary instructions on how to install SliTaz on a hard disk. This should take about 10 minutes, SliTaz core LiveCD expands to 80 Mb, so we suggest a minimum of 120 Mb of free space. This way you will be able to install a few more packages. If you can use the LiveCD, you should be able to install SliTaz.
+This document gives information and necessary instructions on how to install SliTaz on a hard disk. This should take about 10 minutes, SliTaz core LiveCD expands to 80 MB, so we suggest a minimum of 120 MB of free space. This way you will be able to install a few more packages. If you can use the LiveCD, you should be able to install SliTaz.
+You may also do a [[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:frugal|frugal]] or [[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:uncommoninst|unusual]] install.
 ===== SliTaz Installer =====
-SliTaz provides a simple to use Installer which can be launched from the "System Tools" menu. SliTaz 3.0 Installer messages are in English and can be used with these complimentary instructions.
+SliTaz provides a simple to use Installer which can be launched from the menu on Tazpanel. SliTaz Installer messages are in English and can be used with these complimentary instructions.
-=== Install type ===
+=== Install Type ===
-The first step lets you choose the type of installation: new install or system upgrade. In most cases you will want a new and clean installation. On confirming this the installer will mount the master cdrom device and search for the compressed filesystem (//rootfs.gz//). If no filesystem is found, then the installation will abort.
+The first step lets you choose the type of installation: new install or system upgrade. In most cases you will want a new and clean installation. On confirming this the installer will mount the master CD-ROM device and search for the compressed file-system (//rootfs.gz//). If no file-system is found, then the installation will abort.
-If you get into trouble because the compressed filesystem is not found, please check that SliTaz is in the master CD/DVD device. If the problem persists you can use a downloaded ISO image and mount it on ///media/cdrom// where the HD Installer expects to find it:
+If you get into trouble because the compressed file-system is not found, please check that SliTaz is in the master CD/DVD device. If the problem persists you can use a downloaded ISO image and mount it on ///media/cdrom// where the installer expects to find it:
-<code> # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom </code>
+<code> # mount -o loop slitaz-3.0.iso /media/cdrom </code>
-=== Target partition ===
+=== Source media ===
-Second step is the partition configuration. If you already have a free partition you can directly use it, if not you will have to create one graphically using Gparted or from the command line with fdisk. For example if you want to install SliTaz on the first partition of the first disk recognized as hda:
+Here you can choose the type of media to install SliTaz from. Either from a LiveCD, LiveUSB, a downloaded ISO file or directly from the web.
-<code> /dev/hda1 </code>
+=== Target Partition ===
-=== Formating ===
+Next is the partition configuration. You will need to have a partition ready; the installer does not set-up your disk for you. If you already have a free partition you can use it; if not you will have to create one graphically using GParted, or from the command line using fdisk.
-The next step lets you format the target partition into ext3. Ext3 is a robust, stable and journaled filesystem. If the partition is already formated you can skip this step, if not just accept. Warning formating a partition will destroy all current data.
+For example, if you want to install SliTaz on the second partition of the first disk recognized as hda:
+<file> /dev/hda2 </file>
+=== Formatting ===
+<note warning> Formatting a partition **permanently** removes all data from it. Be sure you choose your intended partition carefully as //this action is irreversible//.</note>
+The next step lets you format the target partition. Ext3 is a robust, stable and journalled file-system. If the partition is already formatted you can skip this step, if not just accept.
+=== Home partition ===
+A separate home partition can be created and also formatted.
 === Hostname ===
-Hostname configuration lets you set the machine name. The hostname is used internally to identify the host on the network. This value can be changed after the system is installed.
+Hostname configuration lets you set the machine name. The hostname is used internally and to identify the computer on a network. This can be changed after the system is installed. It cannot be longer than 64 characters and can only contain letters, numbers, and dashes.
-=== Bootloader - GRUB ===
+=== Root ===
-When the installation process is finished you have the option to install the GRUB bootloader which is capable of booting almost any kind of operating system. If you want to use an existing GRUB installation, skip this step and add the correct lines to your GRUB configuration file (menu.lst). Note that the SliTaz Installer creates a configuration file on the target which can be used as an example (///mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst//).
+The root password can be configured here.
-=== End of installation ===
+=== User ===
-When the Installer has finally done its job you have the option to exit or directly reboot your new SliTaz GNU/Linux operating system. First boot is like the LiveCD, you will be prompted for locale, keyboard, sound card and screen selection. Future reboots will not prompt you anymore for configuration details, but all the values can be changed either manually or with the project tools such as //tazlocale// or //tazx//.
+This allows you to configure a user name and password.
-===== Installation by hand =====
+=== Boot-Loader (GRUB) ===
-SliTaz can also be installed by hand from the command line. To install SliTaz by hand you can use a cdrom or an ISO image. The following commands can be copied/pasted from Firefox to Xterm.
+With the next step you have the option to install the GRUB boot-loader and enable a Windows dual-boot. GRUB is capable of booting almost any kind of operating system and can be configured through a human-readable text file; changes to this file are instant and do not require any additional commands to take effect.
-The first thing you have to do is prepare a target partition and mount it. Example using partition ///dev/hda1//:
+If you want to use an existing GRUB installation, skip this step and add the correct lines to your GRUB configuration file (menu.lst); [[installation#grub-boot-loader | see below]] for more information. Note that the SliTaz Installer creates a configuration file on the target which can be used as an example (///mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst//).
+=== Finishing the Installation ===
+When the Installer has finally done its job you have the option to exit or directly reboot your new SliTaz GNU/Linux operating system. First boot is like the LiveCD, you will be prompted for options. Future reboots will not prompt you anymore for configuration details, but all the values can be changed either manually or with the project tools such as //tazlocale// or //tazx//.
+===== Manual ('By Hand') Installation =====
+SliTaz can also be installed 'by hand' from the command line. You can use a CD-ROM or an ISO image. The following commands can be copied/pasted from your web browser to the Terminal.
+Firstly, prepare a target partition and mount it. For example, to use the second partition on the first disk drive (///dev/hda2//), one would type:
 <code>
  # mkdir /mnt/target
- # mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/target
+ # mount /dev/hda2 /mnt/target
 </code>
-=== Mount cdrom or ISO image ===
+=== Mount CD-ROM or ISO image ===
-Now you have to mount the cdrom:
+Mount the CD-ROM...
 <code> # mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom </code>
-Or an ISO image:
+...or if you are using an ISO image:
-<code> # mount -o loop slitaz-1.0.iso /media/cdrom </code>
+<code> # mount -o loop slitaz-3.0.iso /media/cdrom </code>
-=== Install and extract ===
+=== Install and Extract ===
-The goal now is to copy needed files from the media into the target partition and then extract the compressed filesystem (rootfs.gz). Create a boot directory and install the Linux Kernel:
+With a target partition prepared and the installation media made accessible, we need to copy the files from the media into the target partition and then extract the compressed file-system (rootfs.gz).
+    *  Create a boot directory and install the Linux Kernel file:
 <code>
@@ Line 69: / Line 94: @@
 </code>
-Copy the rootfs:
+    *  Copy the root file-system:
 <code> # cp /media/cdrom/boot/rootfs.gz /mnt/target </code>
-Now the necessary files are present so you can change (cd) to the target directory and uncompress the filesystem with lzma and cpio:
+Now the necessary files are present, change (//cd//) to the target directory and decompress the file-system. This is done with the //lzma// and //cpio// utilities:
 <code>
@@ Line 81: / Line 106: @@
 </code>
-That's all, SliTaz is installed. Before rebooting on your new SliTaz GNU/Linux installation, please check that you have a bootloader (GRUB or Lilo) and add the necessary lines to boot SliTaz.
+That's it; SliTaz is installed! Before rebooting to start your new SliTaz GNU/Linux installation, please check that you have a boot-loader (GRUB or Lilo) installed and add the necessary lines (see below) to boot SliTaz.
-===== GRUB bootloader =====
+===== GRUB Boot-Loader =====
-GRUB is an universal bootloader capable of booting almost any operating system such as Linux, BSD or Windows. GRUB uses a single configuration file named menu.lst, if you used the SliTaz Installer and installed GRUB you dont need to manually install GRUB, just reboot.
+GRUB is an universal boot-loader capable of booting almost any operating system , including Linux, *BSD and Windows. GRUB uses a single configuration file named //menu.lst//.
-Installation of GRUB onto the mbr, using root directory ///mnt/target// (the target mounted partition) and the disk named hda:
+If you used the SliTaz Installer and installed GRUB, you don't need to manually install GRUB -- just reboot.
+Otherwise, to install GRUB onto the MBR (Master Boot Record) using a root directory of ///mnt/target// (the target mounted partition) and the disk named hda, use the following command and note the lack of a partition number:
 <code> # grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/target /dev/hda </code>
-You can now create a GRUB configuration file and add the lines which will boot SliTaz. Menu.lst can be edited with your favorite text editor such as Nano or Leafpad:
+You can now create a GRUB configuration file and add the lines which will boot SliTaz. The //menu.lst// file can be edited with your favourite text editor such as Nano or Leafpad:
 <code> # leafpad /mnt/target/boot/grub/menu.lst </code>
-=== /boot/grub/menu.lst - Example ===
+=== Example /boot/grub/menu.lst ===
-<code>
+<file>
-title  SliTaz GNU/Linux 1.0 (Kernel 2.6.25.5-slitaz)
+title  SliTaz GNU/Linux 3.0 (Kernel 2.6.34-slitaz)
        root(hd0,0)
-       kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.25.5-slitaz root=/dev/hda1 vga=normal
+       kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.34-slitaz root=/dev/hda1 vga=normal
-</code>
+</file>
-Verify again that everything is in place before rebooting:
+Verify again that everything is in place before rebooting with the //reboot// command:
 <code>
  # reboot
 </code>
+You should see GRUB with a SliTaz item in its menu.
 ===== Dual-Booting with Windows =====
-A common query asked on the [[http://forum.slitaz.org/|Community Forum]] is how to dual-boot SliTaz and Windows. This is an straight-forward task that just needs the following lines appended to the ''/boot/grub/menu.lst'' file:
+A common query asked on the [[http://forum.slitaz.org/|Community Forum]] is how to dual-boot SliTaz and Windows. This is a straight-forward task that just needs the following lines appended to the ///boot/grub/menu.lst// file:
-<code>
+<file>
 title   Microsoft Windows
         rootnoverify (hd0,0)
         chainloader +1
-</code>
+</file>
-In this example, the Windows installation resides on the first hard disk (hd0) and the first partition (the other 0) within it. This may need modification to reflect individual cases. If it were the other way around and SliTaz proceeded Windows for instance, the line would read:
+In this example, the Windows installation resides on the first hard disk (hd0) and the first partition (the second 0) within it. This may need modification to reflect individual cases. If it were the other way around and SliTaz proceeded Windows for instance, the line would read:
-<code>rootnoverify (hd0,1)</code>
+<file>rootnoverify (hd0,1)</file>
-===== Install on an USB device =====
+Most operating systems will either contain a boot-loader of their own (in the case of Windows and *BSD) or can be booted directly with GRUB.
-If you want to install SliTaz on an USB device, you must give a little "rootdelay" to the Linux kernel to detect it.
+===== Installing SliTaz on an USB Device =====
-Then edit your menu.lst like this:
+If you want to install SliTaz on an USB device, you must give a little "rootdelay" to allow time for the Linux kernel to detect it.
-<code>
-title  SliTaz GNU/Linux 3.0 (Kernel 2.6.30.6-slitaz)
+To include this option, edit your menu.lst to include the argument
+:
+<file>
+title  SliTaz GNU/Linux 3.0 (Kernel 2.6.34-slitaz)
        root(hd0,0)
-       kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.30.6-slitaz root=/dev/sda1 vga=normal rootdelay=10
+       kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.34-slitaz root=/dev/sda1 vga=normal rootdelay=10
-</code>
+</file>
+===== Sharing a partition =====
+It is not always necessary to format a partition.
+You can share a partition with another OS and install SliTaz into a
+[[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:uncommoninst#loop-install|loop file]] or in a [[http://doc.slitaz.org/en:guides:uncommoninst#subdirectory-install-in-a-posix-filesystem|subdirectory]].

en/handbook/installation.txt · Last modified: 2015/04/16 16:22 by bellard

SliTaz Doc

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